Fuel-heater for explosive-engines.



H. HERTZBERG & A. A. LOW. FUEL HEATER POR E XPLOSlVB ENGINES.

APPLIUATION YXLED 00121020.1907.

Patented NIW. 'ji

UNlTED STATES PATENT onmon.

HARRY HE-RTZBERGJOF NEW YORK, AND ABBOT A. LOW, OF

HORSESHOE, NEW YORK; SAU) HERTZBERG ASSIGNOR TO SAID LOW.

FUEL-IIEATER FOR EXBLOSIVE-ENGINES.

lilo. 904,203. Specification of Applicctiou Bled October 10, 1907.

To all wliom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HARRY Hnn'rznnno sind -Io'r A. Low, citizens theUnited States, residing in the city o New York, borough of Brooklyn,county of Kings, and State of New York, and Horseshoe, county of St.Lwrence, and State ot New Yorin respectively, have invented e cel-tuinnew und useful l `uell le=tter for Explosive-Enezines, of which thefollowing 1s speoilieation.

This invention is -nn explosive Angine wherein provision is madeforhenling the n, "fe-preliminary to vqnorizing the same, whereby theefficiency` ot tine engine is increased.

The invention comprises n. heating member forming o part of the fuelconduit lending to n rnporizer, such heating member being composed ofelectrical resistance material` nml -meaps for supplying ai current ofelectric energ'gyl` to said heating member, whereby the member is heatedby nV current flowing through it, for the purpose of raising thetemperature' of the liquid fuel o1 combustible prior to supplying thelatter to e vaporizer or carbureter.

In the accompanying drawings, we have illustrated one ractiealembodiment of the invention, but t e construction shown therein to beunderstood as illustrative, only, and not as defining the limits of theinvention.

Figure l is e side elevation of'al fuel hcnier adapted Vfor use inconnection with s mporizer adapted to be connectedyto an eX- 'plosiveengine. Fig. 2 is u vertical longitudinal sect ion on an enlarged seelethrough,I the new fuel heater. Fig. 3 is a cross section|` showing nmetallic insulated liningvithin the heated resistance hollow member.

The fuel heater of this invention is rovided with a hollow member, A,Whic is composed of an electrical resistance material, such is graphite,carbon or the like. Said hollow member is in the form of a tube, thewall of which is comparatively thick. Said hollow meml'ier is providedwith means whereby n current of electric energy is caused to flow"through tin, m rxber, und :it its,-y rclepcctve and portions rf iidmember is united` appropriate eofipl ugs, B, C, to. ai vaporizer i?, undn l'uel supply pipe, spccnely. ,i

Finch .coupling is shown-ns consisting of members, b, c, which aresepnrbly connected by screws,.c, or their equivalents. Between themembers, D, c, of each coupling there is interposed :1` layer ofelectric insulating material, d, and the screws c', are insulatedelectrically by bushings, fl', whereby the members, b, c, of eachcoupling nre insulated electrically from euch other. `The members, c, c,of the respective couplings, l, C, are provided with nipples, n, adoptedto receive the end portions of the hollow resistance 1uembcr,'A, undsaid ei-u'lportions membersY` c, by liquid tight connections indicatedet e in Fig. 2.

The members, c, of the couplings B, C, are shown es having the bindingposts, f, f', to which are attached suitable wires or oo nductorsforming parts of un electric circuit` whereby nu electric current muy becaused to traverse the hollow resistance member, A. Thebinding posts,.f,f', are m metallic contact with the membcrs,lc, of the couplings, andthe ,carbon resistance member, A, is in good electrical contact withsaid members, c, of the couplings, thus insuring the passage of electriccurrent through dthe resistance member, A.

The member, b, of the coupling, l, is shown as having a. jet nozzle, g',which lsfattached to a nip le, h, of an elbow, H, whereby the heater, i,is united by the `cou ling, B, to said elbow, H. The fuel pipe, extendsfrom a suitable oil pump to the coupling, C, and one end of said pipe isunited to the member, b, of saiccoupling, C. The cou ling, C, isprovided with a fuel passage, D i, w ich is in alinement with thepassage, a',

of the hollow resistance member, The other coupling, B, is provided witha passage, z, w ich extends throu h. the two members, b, o ofsaid/coupling, whereby the fuel is adapted to ess through a continuous.assge from t e'fuel pipe, E, to the nozz e, g.

In the drawings, We have shown the fuel heatin member as arranged in esubstantiullv orizontnl position, and as'being located between theelbow, H, and the fuel sup- "ply pipe, E, but this position of the fuelheater lind not essential features of the invention. We may nrran e thefuel heater, A, in 11n-upright position or in an inclined position, 'eswill be evident to those skilled in the art.

fue

its relation to the other parts are oi the hollow member nre joined.with the n o on the coiled superimposed layers,

l In Fig. 2, the hollow member, A, is shown is retained 1n said memberby the non having a longitudinal passage, a', which is oi greaterdiameter' than the passage, i', 1i', in the couplin s, andv is, also, ofgreater diam- 5 eter than t e pipe, E, whereby the hollow member, A, isadapted to contain a quantity of fuel for the purpose of heating .saidfuel before it is `forced into the vaporizer. The hollow resistancemember, AA, is provided with an external jacket of heat retaining ma`terial, said jacket being shown in Fig. 2 as composedo strands or cordsof asbestos, l. The asbestos cord is wound two or more times on thehollow member, A, so as to pro- L5 duce a coiled jacket which extendsbetween the members, c, ot' the couplings, B, C. The jacket incases thehollow member, A, for substantially its length, and, if desired, anadditional layer, 2, of asbestos may be Wound The jacket may be composedof other heat confilling material `than the asbestos, it beingrpreferred to employ a material which will confine the heat in the hollowmember, A.

In Fig. l, the novel form of fuel heater is shown in connection with anelbow, H, and a vaporizer or carbureter, l). The elbow, ll, forms aguidefor asteni,j,of a reciprocating intake valve, J, which normally closes aport,

y', in the head, J', ofthe cylinder fornnng a.

part of un internal combustion engine. The vaporizer is coupled to theelbow, H, and it is shown as having an air inlet, lc, the area of whichis regulated by the adjustment of a suitable valve or damper, K. Withinthe chamber of the vaporizer, D, is an electrically heated member, L,the latter being in the path of a spray adapted to be supplied to thevaporizer, D, by the jet nozzle, g. The

4l) vaporizing member, L, is of the type dis member, L. The stem, j, ofthe intake valve,

J, 1s impelled in one direction by a. spring, m, the tension of whichkeeps the valve, J, normally closed on its seat, but the vulve isadapted to be opened by the operation of suitable mechanism, hereinshown as a lever,

0, adapted to engage with the stem, j, said lever being operated by arod, 0, the latter being reciprocated by or from a moving part of theengine.

The operation of the invention will. be readily understood from theforegoing descriptlon taken in connection with the rawings. A current ofelectric energy is admitted by one binding post, as f, to the hol#(S0-10W' member, A, and flows through said member to the other bindingpost, as f', thereby heating said member, A. The member in turn heatsthe column of liquid fuel which is contained in the member or whichpasses through said member, and the heat conducting jacket, l, lhe fuelpump toi-ces the liquid fuel through the pipe. E, an L the member, A, sothat the nozzle` y, will spray the fuel into the vaporizer, l), andagainst the member, L, therein, \\'herel|`\,1 the liquid fuel isconverted into vapor. The operation ci the engine opens the valve, J,and the suction produced by the movement of the piston draws in airthrough the port, le, the air being mixed with the vaporized fuel andproducing a combustible charge which is drawn into the engine cylinder,said charge being subsequently compressed or exploded in the usual way.

Although we have shown und described the hollow heating member as havingan axial passage a', through which the liquid fuel is :ida ted to flow,we do noi desire to limit ourselves to this detail, for lhe reason thatwe muy provide a metallic lining, within'the graphite or carbonresist-.mee member, A, as shown in Fig. Il. The lining. A', tubular, undit is arranged within the liollou` member, A, so as to be heated thereby. Said lining insulatedl from direct contact with the carbon tube ormember, A. by an interposed layer of mica, (1:, thus overcoming a shortcircuit. The lining is composed, preferably, of copper, and it is heatedby the resistance member` A, whereby the liquid fuel flowing through thelining is adapted to be heated.

Having thus fully described the invention, what we claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In a device of the class described, a vaporizer, a hollow heatingmember positioned externally on said vaporizer and forming a part of aconduit for supplying :1 liquid combustible or fuel to said vaporizer,said heating member being composed of electrical resistance material.,and means, or supplyiiw an electric current to said heating mem er.

2. In a. device of the class described, a

vaporizer, a hollow heating.I member 181m il U and means for supplyingan electric current to the heating member.

4. In a device of the chess described, a'.

vaporizer, a fuel pi e, a hollow heatllxg` member composed'o electricalresistance material, means :tor couplingsaid heating member to the fuelpipe and the va orizer, meane` for electrically insulating the ieatingmember from the fuel pipe and the vaporizer, and means whereby anelectric current is caused to flow lthrough Said heating member.

5. In a device of the class described. a Yaporizer, a fuel pipe, ahollow fuel-heating member composed of electrical resistance n'iaterialand forming a part of said pipe, a coupling intermediate the vaporizerand Said hollow member. said couplingy beineY eleetrieally insulated andbeing provided with a fuel passage, and means for electrically heating'said hollow member.

o. In a device of the clase described, a vaporizer, a fuel pipe` ahollow fuel-heating n iember composed of eleetrieal resistance materialand forming a continuation of said fuel pipe, a eou )ling internuuliatethe fuel pipe and the ho low member, said coupling being provided with aJfuel passage and bein; insulated eleetrieally, and means for heatingsaid hollow member.

T. In a deviee of the elass described, a vaporizer, a fuel pipe, ahollow meinber composed of electrical resistance material, means Jforeleetrieally heating' `said hollow member, and couplings uniting thehollow member with the fuel pipe and the vaporizer. said eouplingshavingi means for electrically ineulatinpr said hollow member from thevapo rizer and the fuel pipe.

S. In a device of the elass described, a raporizer, a hollowfuel-heating menlber CoinpoSed of electrieal. resistance material. saidhollow member being positioned externally on said vaporizer and incommunication therewith, means whereby said hollow member may `beincluded in an electric eircuit, and a heatfinsulating jacket incasingsaid hollow member.

ti. ln a device of the class deseribeth, a vaporizer, a hollowfuel-heating member composed of electrical resistance material, saidhollow member being coupled externally to Said vaporizer andcommunicating therewith, means whereby said hollow member may beincluded in an electric circuit, and separable eouplingrsI at therespetive end portions of said hollow member.

1.0. In a device of the class described, a vaporizer, a hollowfuel-heating member composed of electrical resistance material, meanswhereby `said hollow member may be included in an electric eirenit, andseparable eoul'ilin'gs at the respective end por tions ot' said hollowmember, each coupling being provided with an electrical insulationbetween the separable portions thereof, one of sa'id couplings uniting'Said hollow member to the yaporizer.

ll. ln a device of the class deseribed, a Yaporizer` a hollowfuel-heating); member composed of eleetrieal resistance material, meanswhereby ,said hollow member may be included in an electric eireuit, a'fuel pipe, eoupling's at the respective end portions of the hollowmember, for uniting the latter to the vaporizer and the fuel pipo, and anoni conducting jacket incasing;r the hollow member.

lit. In iaporizer, a hollow fuel-heating member composed of electricalresistance material, means whereby .said hollow member may be ineludedin an electric circuit: a luel pipe. separable metallitI couplings atthe respective end portions of the hollow member for uniting the hollowmember to said vaporizer and the Jr'nel pipe, each coupling` having anelectrical insulation between the separable parte` thereof, and anon-conducting jacket ineasing the hollow member and extending betweenthe couplings thereon.

in testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HARRY HERTZBERG. ABBOT A. LOW.

Witnesses M. A. WARREN,

GEO. "WELLING Gmomos.

a devine of` the clase described, a

ti l)

